Summary: The Board on International Comparative Studies sponsored a workshop on November 6, 1996, to take stock of what has been learned about making education standards internationally competitive and to examine why the criterion of international competitiveness has been so difficult to articulate and to apply to education standards. The purpose of the workshop was to bring together a variety of people who have thought creatively about bringing the idea of international competitiveness to school reform to share their perspectives and to discuss ways of keeping the process moving forward. The agenda of the 1-day workshop was structured around presentations that focused on different perspectives and on the emerging body of empirical evidence on internationally competitive standards.