Summary: The National Research Council (NRC) is sponsoring a program of international exchange for American scientists interested in the prophylaxis, diagnosis, epidemiology, and therapy of pathogens, including related basic research investigations. The program has provided the successful applicants with an opportunity to become familiar with research and related work on pathogens being carried out at research institutes in Russia. This program is supported by the Department of Defense which is interested in encouraging the redirection of former Soviet defense scientists to civilian pursuits.